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Sensor Definitions

This page provides detailed explanations of all sensors, controls, and entities available on the CeilSense. Use this as a reference to understand what each value means and how to use it.

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Presence & Motion (LD2412)

The CeilSense uses the Hi-Link LD2412 24GHz mmWave radar sensor for presence and motion detection.

📖 ESPHome Documentation: LD2412 Sensor

Binary Sensors

EntityDescription
Presencetrue when any target (moving or still) is detected. This is the main occupancy sensor you'll use for automations like turning lights on/off.
Moving Targettrue when a moving target is detected. Useful for detecting active movement vs. someone sitting still.
Still Targettrue when a stationary target is detected. Great for detecting someone sleeping, sitting, or lying still.

Distance Sensors

EntityDescriptionRange
Moving DistanceDistance in cm to the detected moving target.0-900 cm
Still DistanceDistance in cm to the detected still target.0-900 cm
Detection DistanceDistance in cm to the closest detected target (moving or still).0-900 cm

Energy Sensors

EntityDescriptionRange
Move EnergySignal strength of the moving target detection. Higher values = stronger/closer target.0-100
Still EnergySignal strength of the still target detection. Higher values = stronger/closer target.0-100

Gate Configuration

The LD2412 divides its detection range into 14 gates (0-13). Each gate represents a distance segment of approximately 0.75 meters (with default resolution). You can configure the sensitivity for each gate independently.

EntityDescriptionRange
Minimum Distance GateThe closest gate where detection begins. Gates before this are ignored.1-12
Maximum Distance GateThe furthest gate where detection ends. Gates after this are ignored.2-13
Presence TimeoutTime in seconds that presence remains true after the target is no longer detected.0-65535 s

Gate Distance Reference

GateDistance (0.75m resolution)Distance (0.5m resolution)Distance (0.2m resolution)
00 - 0.75m0 - 0.5m0 - 0.2m
10.75 - 1.5m0.5 - 1.0m0.2 - 0.4m
21.5 - 2.25m1.0 - 1.5m0.4 - 0.6m
32.25 - 3.0m1.5 - 2.0m0.6 - 0.8m
43.0 - 3.75m2.0 - 2.5m0.8 - 1.0m
53.75 - 4.5m2.5 - 3.0m1.0 - 1.2m
64.5 - 5.25m3.0 - 3.5m1.2 - 1.4m
75.25 - 6.0m3.5 - 4.0m1.4 - 1.6m
86.0 - 6.75m4.0 - 4.5m1.6 - 1.8m
96.75 - 7.5m4.5 - 5.0m1.8 - 2.0m
107.5 - 8.25m5.0 - 5.5m2.0 - 2.2m
118.25 - 9.0m5.5 - 6.0m2.2 - 2.4m
129.0 - 9.75m-2.4 - 2.6m
139.75 - 10.5m-2.6 - 2.8m

Gate Threshold Settings

For each gate (0-13), you can set move and still thresholds:

EntityDescriptionRange
Gate X Move ThresholdEnergy level required to detect movement at gate X. Lower = more sensitive, higher = less sensitive.0-100
Gate X Still ThresholdEnergy level required to detect still presence at gate X. Lower = more sensitive, higher = less sensitive.0-100

Tip: If a gate shows constant high energy when the room is empty, increase its threshold above that energy level.

Gate Energy Sensors (Engineering Mode)

When Engineering Mode is enabled, you can see real-time energy readings per gate:

EntityDescriptionRange
Gate X Move EnergyCurrent movement energy detected at gate X. Compare this to Move Threshold to understand triggers.0-100
Gate X Still EnergyCurrent still energy detected at gate X. Compare this to Still Threshold to understand triggers.0-100

LD2412 Controls

EntityTypeDescription
Engineering ModeSwitchEnables detailed gate-by-gate energy sensors for tuning. Turn off after tuning to reduce data traffic.
BluetoothSwitchEnables the LD2412's Bluetooth for connecting with the HLK Radar Tool app.
Start Dynamic Background CorrectionButtonCalibrates the sensor to the current (empty) room. Room must be empty!
Factory ResetButtonResets all radar settings to factory defaults.
Restart RadarButtonRestarts the LD2412 sensor without rebooting the entire device.
Query ParamsButtonRefreshes all sensor values from the radar.

LD2412 Configuration

EntityTypeDescriptionOptions
Distance ResolutionSelectChanges the distance per gate. Smaller = more precision, but shorter range.0.75m (default), 0.5m, 0.2m
LD2412 ModeSelectOperating mode of the radar.Normal, Engineering, Dynamic Background Correction

LD2412 Diagnostic

EntityDescription
LD2412S FM VersionFirmware version of the LD2412 radar module.
LD2412S MacBluetooth MAC address of the LD2412 (for HLK Radar Tool app).

Environmental Sensors (Complete Only)

The CeilSense Complete includes the Sensirion SCD41 sensor for CO₂, temperature, and humidity measurement.

📖 ESPHome Documentation: SCD4x Sensor

SCD41 Sensors

EntityDescriptionRangeAccuracy
SCD41 CO2Carbon dioxide concentration in parts per million (ppm).400-5000 ppm±(50 ppm + 2.5-5% of reading)
SCD41 TemperatureAmbient temperature. Note: Includes offset compensation for heat from electronics.-10 to +60°C±1.5°C
SCD41 HumidityRelative humidity percentage.0-100% RH±9% RH

CO₂ Level Reference

LevelMeaningAction
400-450 ppmFresh outdoor airExcellent
450-600 ppmGood indoor airGood
600-800 ppmAcceptableAdequate
800-1000 ppmModerateConsider ventilation
1000-1200 ppmPoorVentilation recommended
1200-2000 ppmBadVentilation necessary
>2000 ppmVery poorMay cause drowsiness, headaches

SCD41 Controls

EntityTypeDescription
CO2 manual calibration (fresh air ≥3min)ButtonCalibrates CO₂ sensor to 426 ppm. Ensure room has fresh air for at least 3 minutes before pressing.
SCD4x Extra Temperature Offset (°C)NumberAdditional temperature offset on top of the built-in 10°C compensation. Adjust if readings are consistently off. Range: -20 to +20°C.
SCD4x Humidity Offset (%)NumberHumidity offset to correct readings. Range: -20 to +20%.

SCD41 Configuration (via ESPHome)

These settings can be changed by adopting the device in ESPHome:

SubstitutionDefaultDescription
scd4x_measurement_modelow_power_periodicMeasurement mode. Options: periodic (5s), low_power_periodic (30s)
scd4x_update_interval30sHow often readings are updated.
scd4x_ascfalseAutomatic Self Calibration. Enable only if room regularly gets fresh air.
scd4x_temperature_offset10.0Base temperature offset for ESP heat compensation.

Light Sensor

The CeilSense uses the BH1750 ambient light sensor to measure illuminance (lux).

📖 ESPHome Documentation: BH1750 Sensor

BH1750 Sensors

EntityDescriptionRange
BH1750 IlluminanceLight intensity in lux. Useful for light-based automations.0-65535 lux

Lux Level Reference

LuxEnvironment
0.0001Moonless night sky
0.25Full moon on a clear night
1Candle at 1m distance
50Living room lighting
100Very dark overcast day
300-500Office lighting
1000Overcast day
10000-25000Full daylight (indirect sun)
32000-100000Direct sunlight

Pressure Sensor

The CeilSense uses the Bosch BMP388 barometric pressure sensor.

📖 ESPHome Documentation: BMP3XX Sensor

BMP388 Sensors

EntityDescriptionRangeAccuracy
BMP3xx PressureAtmospheric pressure in hectopascals (hPa).300-1100 hPa±0.08 hPa
BMP3xx TemperatureTemperature from the pressure sensor (less accurate than SCD41).-40 to +85°C±0.5°C

Pressure Reference

PressureWeather Indication
>1020 hPaHigh pressure - generally good weather
1013 hPaStandard atmospheric pressure at sea level
1000-1013 hPaNormal pressure
<1000 hPaLow pressure - possible storms or rain

Note: The BMP388 pressure reading is also used for ambient pressure compensation of the SCD41 CO₂ sensor, improving accuracy.


LED Ring

The CeilSense features a ring of 16 individually addressable RGB LEDs (WS2812B).

📖 ESPHome Documentation: ESP32 RMT LED Strip

LED Controls

EntityTypeDescription
CeilSense Status LEDLightControl the LED ring color, brightness, and effects.

Built-in Effects

EffectDescription
Circular Loading EffectCircular loading animation used during startup. Color changes based on boot phase.

Startup LED Colors

During boot, the LED ring indicates which sensors are being initialized:

ColorBoot Phase
BlueInitial boot
CyanPhase 1: LD2412 check
MagentaPhase 2: LD2412 initialization
GreenPhase 3: SCD41 check (Complete only)
OrangePhase 4: BH1750 (light sensor) check
White (solid, 3s)All sensors OK - boot complete
Red (solid, 20s)Boot failed - sensor error

Device Controls

Switches

EntityDescription
LD2412 Debug ModeEnables debug LED effects showing radar distance detection.
Disable Bluetooth After BootWhen enabled, disables Bluetooth after boot to save power. Default: ON.

Buttons

EntityDescription
Restart DeviceRestarts the entire CeilSense device.
Factory ResetResets all settings to factory defaults. Use with caution!

Selects

EntityDescriptionOptions
Firmware TypeSwitch between WiFi and Ethernet firmware.WiFi, Ethernet

About Firmware Type Selector

The CeilSense ships with WiFi firmware by default. You can switch to Ethernet firmware using this selector.

⚠️ Important: Connect your Ethernet cable before switching! WiFi stops working immediately after the switch.

👉 See Network Configuration for detailed instructions and requirements.


Diagnostic Entities

Device Information

EntityDescription
Software VersionCurrent firmware version of the CeilSense.
Hardware VersionHardware revision of the CeilSense (v1).
Device InfoESPHome device information.
ESP Reset ReasonReason for the last device restart.
CPU TemperatureInternal temperature of the ESP32-S3 chip.

Network

EntityDescription
RSSIWiFi signal strength in dBm. Values closer to 0 = better signal.
UptimeTime since last reboot.

Firmware Update

EntityDescription
CeilSense FirmwareUpdate entity for OTA firmware updates. Shows available updates and allows installation.

Entity Categories

Entities in Home Assistant are organized into categories:

CategoryDescription
SensorsRead-only measurement values (CO₂, temperature, presence, etc.)
Binary SensorsOn/off states (presence detected, moving target, etc.)
ControlsUser-adjustable settings (thresholds, offsets, etc.)
ConfigurationDevice configuration options (usually hidden by default)
DiagnosticTechnical information (firmware version, signal strength, etc.)

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